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Bilingualism in Young Children: Separating Fact from Fiction
By Lauren Lowry
HanenCertifiedSpeech-LanguagePathologist
Fiction: Some Myths about Bilingualism
#1. Bilingualism causes language delay.
#1.2°³ ±¹¾î »ó¿ëÀº ¾ð¾î ¹ß´ÞÀ» ´ÊÃá´Ù?
A: FALSE. While a bilingual child¡¯s vocabulary in each individual language may be smaller than average, his total vocabulary (from both languages) will be at least the same size as a monolingual child (10, 15). Bilingual children may say their first words slightly later than monolingual children, but still within the normal age range (between 8-15 months) (11). And when bilingual children start to produce short sentences, they develop grammar along the same patterns and timelines as children learning one language (5). Bilingualism itself does not cause language delay
A: ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù.
2°³ ±¹¾î¸¦ ½ÀµæÇÏ´Â ¾ÆÀÌ´Â(8~15°³¿ù) 1°³ ±¹¾î¸¦ ½ÀµæÇÏ´Â ¾ÆÀÌ¿¡ ºñÇØ ¾îÈÖ·ÂÀÌ Ã³À½¿¡´Â ºÎÁ·ÇÏÁö¸¸, ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³¯¼ö·Ï Á¡Â÷ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹®Àå·Â°ú ¾îÈÖ·ÂÀÌ µ¿½Ã¿¡ »ý±â¸é¼ ÀÏÁ¤ ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³ª¸é 2°³±¹ ¾î¸¦ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°Ô ½ÀµæÇÏ°í ±¸»çÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. 2°³ ±¹¾î »ó¿ëÀÌ ¾ð¾î¹ß´ÞÀ» ´ÊÃßÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
bilingualismÀ̶õ? 2°³ ±¹¾î »ó¿ë
#2.When children mix their languages it means that they are confused and having trouble becoming bilingual.
#2. 2°³ ±¹¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ 2°³ ¾ð¾î¸¦ ¼¯¾î ¾´´Ù¸é ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Â°Ç °¡¿ä?
A: FALSE.
When children use both languages within the same sentence or conversation, it is known as ¡°code mixing¡± or ¡°code switching¡±. Examples of English-French code-mixing: ¡°big bobo¡±(¡°bruise¡±or¡°cut¡±),or¡°jeveuxallermangertomato¡±(¡°Iwanttogoeat..¡±)(10).Parentssometimesworrythatthismixingisasignoflanguagedelayorconfusion.However,codemixingisanaturalpartofbilingualism(17).Proficientadultbilingualscodemixwhentheyconversewithotherbilinguals,anditshouldbeexpectedthatbilingualchildrenwillcode-mixwhenspeakingwithotherbilinguals(5).
Manyresearchersseecodemixingasasignofbilingualproficiency.Forexample, bilingual children adjust the amount of code-mixing they use to match that of a new conversational partner (someone they¡¯ve never met before who also code mixes) (10). Therefore, code-mixing is natural and should be expected in bilingual children.
A:¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù.
¾ÆÀÌ°¡ °°Àº ¹®ÀåÀ̳ª ´ëȸ¦ ÇÒ¶§ µÎ°³ ¾ð¾î¸¦ ¼¯¾î ¾´´Ù¸é ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ Code-mixing Çö»ó ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¿¹¸¦ µé¾î '¸¶ÀÌ È¨À¸·Î °¥²¨¾ß' , '¾ÖÇà ¸ÔÀ»·¡' µîÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ºÎ¸ð´ÔµéÀº °£È¤ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Çö»ó¿¡ ´ëÇؼ °ÆÁ¤À» Çϱ⵵ ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Çö»óÀº 2°³ ±¹¾î »ó¿ëÀÚ¿¡°Ô ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ´ç¿¬ÇÑ Çö»ó ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
2°³ ±¹¾î°¡ ´É¼÷ÇÏ°Ô µÈÈÄ¿¡´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Çö»óÀÌ ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î ¾ø¾îÁý´Ï´Ù.
¸¹Àº ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº Code-mixingÇö»óÀ» ÁÁÀº ¡Á¶¶ó°í º¾´Ï´Ù.
¿¹¸¦ µé¾î Çѱ¹¾î¶û ¿µ¾î¸¦ »ó¿ëÇؼ ¾²´Â ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ ¿µ¾î¸¸ ¾²´Â »ç¶÷À» ¸¸³´Ù¸é, ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ¿¡ ±×»ç¶÷°ú´Â ¿µ¾î¸¦ ¾µ°ÍÀÌ°í, ¸¸¾à Çѱ¹¾î¸¦ ¾²´Â »ç¶÷À» ¸¸³´Ù¸é ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ¿¡ Çѱ¹¾î¸¸À» ¾µ°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
µû¶ó¼ 2°³ ±¹¾î ½ÀµæÀÚ¿¡°Ô À־ Code-mixingÇö»óÀº ´ç¿¬ÇÑ Çö»ó ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Code-mixingÀ̶õ? µÎ°³ ¾ð¾î¸¦ ¼¯¾î¼ ¾²´ÂÇö»ó